The deforestation rate in the Brazilian Amazon is growing rapidly again after being temporarily brought under control and reduced by 80% between 2005 and 20121. Deforestation in the region has increased from 4600 km2 in 2012 to 13,000 km2 in 20212, driven by land grabbing on public land and conversion of forest to agriculture (e.g., soybeans) and pasture on private land.